NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY (NPE) 2020
INTRODUCTION:
Education is fundamental for achieving
full human potential, developing an equitable and just society & promoting
national development. Universal high-quality education is the best way forward
for developing & maximizing our country’s rich talents and resources for
the good of the individual, the society, the country and the world.
India will have the highest population
of young people in the world over the next decade and our ability to provide
high-quality educational opportunities to them will determine the future of our
country.
National Education
Policy(1968):
National Education Policy, had come in
1968 under Indira Gandhi government. The government then set up a 17 member
Education Commission under UGC chairperson DS Kothari (Kothari Commission). On
the basis of recommendations of Kothari Commission, the first National
Education Policy was released in 1968. This policy had called for a National
School System, which meant that all the students, irrespective of caste, creed,
& sex would have access to education of a comparable quality up to a given
level.
National Education
Policy(1986):
The 1986 policy was issued during
tenure of Rajiv Gandhi as Prime Minister and it was updated in 1992 when P.V
Narsimha Rao was Prime Minister.This policy focused on modernization and role
of IT in education. More attention was paid on restructuring the teacher
education, early childhood care, women’s empowerment and adult literacy. It
also accepted autonomy of universities & colleges, something which was
resisted in past.
National Education
Policy(NEP) 2020:
The NEP 2020 is the first education
policy of 21st century & replaces the thirty four years old National Policy
of Education (NPE), 1968. Built on the foundational pillars of Access, Equality
, Quality, Affordability and Accountability. This policy is aligned to the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development and aims to transform India into a vibrant
knowledge society and global knowledge superpower by making both school and
college education more holistic, flexible, multidisciplinary, suited to 21st century
needs and aimed at bringing out the unique capabilities of each student.
Here are some of the
highlights of the NEP(2020):
1. About 2 crore out
of school children will be brought back into main stream under NEP 2020.
2. MHRD(Ministry of
Human Resource & Development) renamed as Education Ministry
3. For schools:
In
this new policy ,there will be 5+3+3+4 structure replacing current 10+2 schooling
structure.
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5:-(3-8 years) – Foundational education.
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3:-(8-11 years) – Preparatory years.
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3:-(11-14 years) – Middle years.
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4:-(14-18 years) – Secondary school years.
Multi-Stream:
Flexibility t o choose subjects across streams; all subjects to be offered at two levels of proficiency.
Diluted Board:
Board exams to test out core competencies;
could become modular (object and subjective) and will be offered twice a year.
Multilingual:
3-language policy to continue with preference
for local language medium of instruction till class 8.
Bag – Less Days:
School students to have 10 bag – less days in a year during which they are exposed to a vocation of choice (i.e. informal internship).
4. NCERT will develop a
National Curriculum & Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care &
Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of 8.
5. National
Educational Technology Forum to be created.
6. A new National
Assessment Centre, PARAKH ( Performance Assessment, Review, and
Analysis of knowledge for Holistic Development) will be set up as a
standard - setting body.
7. No rigid separation
between Arts & Science, between Vocational & Academic Standards.
8. Vocational Integration
from class 6 onwards.
9. Teachers to be
prepared for assessment reforms by 2023.
10. Every child will come out of school by
adapting at least one skill.
11. Common
Standard of learning in public and private schools.
12. For Colleges:
·
SAT – Like College Test:
National Testing Agency to conduct common
college entrance exam twice a year.
·
4
– Year Bachelor: 4 year multi – disciplinary bachelor’s programme to be
preferred; mid – term dropouts to be given credit with option to complete
degree after a break.
·
No Affiliation: Over next 15 years colleges
will be given graded autonomy to give degrees, affiliation with universities to
end, so would deemed university status.
·
Fee
Cap: Proposal to cap fee charged by private institutions of higher learning.
·
Global
Glocal: Top – rated global
· Universities
to be facilitated to come to India, top Indian institutions to be encouraged to
go global.
· By 2030, the
minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4 year integrated B.ED
degree.
· National Curriculum Framework for School
Education NCFSE 2020-2021 will be developed by the NCERT.
· CPD( Continuous Professional Development) program
of 50 hours for teachers.
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